Physics 10 Class Notes CHAPTER NO 10

Grade 10, Class 10th, Matric Part-2 Physics Notes Chapter Number 10 Pdf Download simple harmonic motion and waves short long questions Answers.

CHAPTER 10 SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION & WAVES 

Major Concepts

1. SHM, necessary conditions, and examples
2. Damped oscillation 
3. Wave motion 
4. Types of waves and their examples
5. Waves equations 
6. Ripple Tank
7. Characteristics of Waves 
8. Solution of problems 

Q:1  What is Periodic motion? Give examples. 

Ans. Periodic Motion:  

Definition:

“The motion which repeats itself after regular intervals of time is called periodic motion.”

Examples:

•  The motion of the bob of the pendulum f.s.
•  The motion of the mass attached to spring.
•  Oscillations of the steel strip.
•  The motion of the earth around its axis. 

Oscillatory / Vibratory Motion: 

Definition:

“The to and fro motion of a body about its position is called oscillatory (or) vibratory motion.” Examples:

• The motion of a simple pendulum.
• The motion of a swing.
• The motion of the steel strip.
• The motion of string of sitar.

Q 2. Define the following terms?

(a) Vibration (or) Oscillation    (b) Time Period    (c) Frequency    (d) Displacement    (e)Amplitude

 Ans.Definition of terms: 

a) Vibration (or) Oscillation:  

    “One complete round tip of a vibrating body is called vibration”.

b) Time Period: 

    The time required for the completion of one round trip is called time period.”

c) Frequency: 

    The number of vibrations completed by a vibrating body in one second is called frequency.”

d) Displacement: 

    “The distance covered by a vibrating body on either side of the mean position is called displacement. It is denoted by ‘x’.”

e) Amplitude: 

    “The maximum displacement covered by a vibrating body on either side of the mean position is called amplitude. It is denoted by’ x0‘.”

Q3: Define simple harmonic motion (S.H.M) with examples. Describe its characteristics?

Ans. Simple Harmonic motion: 

“The type of periodic motion in which acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement from the mean position and always directed toward the mean position is called simple harmonic motion (S.H.M). 

Examples:  

•  The motion of the bob of the simple pendulum.
•  The motion of a mass attached to spring.

Characteristics: 

•  The characteristics of simple harmonic motion are as follows.
•  In S.H.M, the body oscillates about its mean position.
•  In S.H.M, the acceleration of the body is directly proportional to the displacement from the mean position and directed toward the mean position or directed toward the mean position i.e.  
• In S.H.M restoring force is always acting upon the body.
• The restoring force and acceleration are Maximum at the extreme position and zero at the mean position.
• The velocity and K.E are maximum at the mean position and zero at the extreme position.
• Potential energy is maximum at an extreme position and zeroes at the mean position.

Q4: Show that the motion of a mass attached with spring execute S.H.M. Describe its characteristics?

Ans. Definition: 

“The type of periodic motion in which acceleration is directly proportional to the displacement from the mean position and always directed toward the mean position is called simple harmonic motion (S.H.M).

Q.5.What is a simple pendulum? 

Ans. Simple pendulum: 

“An ideal pendulum consists of a small heavy bob of mass ‘m’ suspended by a light string of length ‘L’ fixed with frictionless support.” 

The motion of a simple pendulum is SHM: 

Consider an object of mass ‘m’ attached with one end of a light string of length ‘L’ as shown in.

Length of the pendulum: 

The length of the pendulum ‘L’ is the distance between the point of suspension and the centre of the Bob, when the pendulum is at Equilibrium position ‘O’, the net force on the bob is zero and the bob is stationary.

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