unique notes for 10th class Islamiat in English medium Sindh Class 10 Chapters 1 to 8 Short Questions and Answers Islamiyat notes lessons English medium.
islamiat notes for class 10 in english sindh board Chapter 1 (The Holy Quran)
Table of Contents
Questions and Answers
Q.1) Give a brief introduction of the Holy Quran.
Answer:
INTRODUCTION OF HOLY QURAN:
Almighty Allah is the Creator of the universe. Man is part of this universe. Allah created man Is the most eminent of all the created beings. He created not only material resources to meet man’s physical and instinctive needs, but also made provisions for the guidance and soul. He blessed mankind with a conscience to differentiate between good and evil. Moreover, Almighty Allah sent His Messengers and revealed to them the Holy Books and Scripture for the complete guidance of mankind. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) is the last Prophet of Allah. Allah revealed to the Holy Quran. Being the last book of Allah, the Holy Quran is a permanent source of guidance for all mankind. The Book also testifies all the previous Divine Scriptures and Books:
Read more: Surah Al Mumtahina Questions Answers Islamiat Class 10th Sindh board
Almighty Allah had also sent His Prophets for the guidance of previous generations and revealed His Books to some of them. However, the teachings of those Prophets and the Books revealed to them have not been preserved in their original text. In the Holy Quran Allah says:
“And to Thee We revealed the Book with the truth, confirming the Scripture that came before it, and this (the Holy Quran) is watcher over it.”
In this verse of the Holy Quran, Allah has used the word “Muhaiman” (that which guards or watches) for the Holy Quran. This expression means that the contents of the previous books which could not be preserved have now been preserved in Holy Quran. That is why the teaching of the Holy Quran are trustworthy and can be followed with an entire satisfaction in all the ages to come.
The Holy Quran provides guidance in regard to all aspects of human life. It describes the reality of lives, the good and evil, the lawful and unlawful, the righteousness and unrighteousness, moral teachings and all other aspects of life. The Holy Quran also provides detailed information about life in the Hereafter and discusses its importance very effectively. The Holy Quran imparts basic teachings about man’s individual and collective life, his rights and duties in society and his economic matters. It also educates man comprehensively in the fields of politics and international affairs and morality. In short, the Holy Quran is the treasure of information and guidance covering all aspects of human life. It elaborately explains all the things which a common man must know and there is no other source for him to get the required knowledge.
Q.3) Write a note on the distinct characteristics of the Holy Quran.
Answer:
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HOLY QURAN:
- 1. In the Holy Quran whatever is stated is based on the definite knowledge and reality.
- 2. There is no doubt in the truth of its contents.
- 3. It provides complete guidance to the human beings of all times and regions.
- 4. The success of mankind in this world and in the Hereafter depends onto what extend he practices the teachings of the Holy Quran. That is why this book excels in providing true guidance to everyone.
- 5. As this Divine work is better than all works of literature, similarly a person who has learnt the Holy Quran and teaches it to others is better than all others who have not learnt it.
- 6. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) said:
- “The best amongst you is the one who learnt the Holy Quran and teaches it to others.”
- 7. The recitation of the Holy Quran is an act of great virtue. Allah gives the reward equal to ten virtues for the recitation of each letter of the Holy Quran.
- 8. One who practices the Quranic teachings, Allah exalts him in this world and in the Hereafter.
- 9. Those who refuse to acknowledge it are disgraced.
- 10. The history of mankind bears witness that as long as the Muslims acted upon the teaching of the Holy Quran, they were predominant in the world.
- 11. On the other hand, when they became careless about the principles of Islam, they lost their eminence.
- 12. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) once told to the followers that Almighty Allah would make many nations eminent due to acting upon the teachings of Holy Quran and bring many nations to disgrace due to their being careless about the principles of Islam.
Read more: Surah Anfal Class 10 Islamiat Sindh Board
Chapter 2 (Love for Allah and his Prophet)
Questions and Answers
Q.1) What do you understand by love for Allah?
Answer:
Right thinking requires you to love Allah. If you receive an ordinary favour from some person, you feel to be under his obligation. In some, you feel obliged to your benefactor for the whole of your life. Allah says:
“Those who believe are overflowing in their love for Allah.”
The accomplishment of faith is not possible without love because any performed without love is always devoid of Divine guidance. It is said that a lover is obedient to whom he loves. It is required by faith that we should love Allah. Love for Allah requires that we should accept His commands and follow them wholeheartedly. It is His mercy that Almighty Allah sent His Prophets in all ages for the guidance of mankind. To these pious persons, Allah gave His commands in form of Books and Scriptures.
The Holy Prophet of Islam Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) is the Last Prophet of this series of guidance, and the Holy Quran revealed to him is the last book of guidance for all times to come. It is the last message to mankind for his success which can only be achieved by practising its teachings. By acting upon its golden teachings, we can achieve success in this world as well as in the Hereafter.
Read more: Ayat 1-73 Sindh Class 10 Islamiat Notes Surah Al Ahzaab
Q.2) Why is it important to follow the Holy Prophet(SAW)?
Answer:
Love for Allah is to follow the examples set by the Holy Prophet (PBUH).
Allah says:
“Say (o Muhammad, to mankind); if you love Allah, follow me; Allah will love you and forgive you for your sins. Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.”
Obedience demands surrendering oneself completely. Your onward action must reflect your inner feeling and inclination, otherwise, the action will be nothing but hypocrisy. In such a case Allah warns the Muslims in these words:
“But no, by the Lord they can have no real faith until they make thee judge in all disputes between them and find within themselves to resistance against this decisions, but accept them with the fullest conviction.”
The requirement of faith is fulfilled by complete obedience and surrender to Allah’s will.
Q.3) Explain the finality of the Prophethood in the context of the Holy Quran.
Answer:
FINALITY OF PROPHET-HOOD:
Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) was the last Prophet of Allah and after him, the line of prophethood came to an end. In the Holy Quran Allah says:
“This day I have perfected the religion for you, and completed my favour onto you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion.”
The perfection of religion, the completion of Allah’s favour and the clear expression that Allah likes Islam for Holy Prophet (PBUH) is a declaration that Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) is His Last Prophet and Messenger, and there is no need for another prophet because all the commands off Allah have been conveyed to mankind. Now what we need to do is to accept the message of Allah as a code of over lives, and take the examples set by Holy Prophet (PBUH) as a lighthouse for our guidance. It is an honour for mankind that Allah has considered the Holy Prophet (PBUH) to be competent enough to receive the eternal message of God and practise the Divine teaching.
Read more:
Allah has also made Islam a universal religion. It means that before Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH), Allah had sent prophets to nations or tribes belonging to different ages and regions. In former ages, mankind was divided into different societies. The annunciation of the prophethood of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) for the whole world gave rise to internationalism. One God, one Last Prophet, one centre (Kaba), one set of good examples of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and one and final Book (Holy Quran ) brought unity among the different nations of the world. The Holy Quran says:
“Say O Muhammad: O mankind! Indeed I am the messenger of Allah to you all.”
Allah also says:
“Muhammad is not the father of any man among you, but he is the messenger of Allah and the Seal of the Prophets.”
This verse of the Holy Quran has put an end to the confusion as to where to seek guidance, and that source is Islam which requires us to believe in Allah. We can also have faith in Allah and follow His orders only by showing love and obedience to the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and following good examples set by him.
Chapter 3 (Obligation to acquire knowledge and its Excellence)
Q.1) Quote the teachings of the Holy Quran in regard to the obligations to acquire knowledge.
Answer:
In the regard to the obligation to acquire knowledge Holy Quran Allah sent the first revelation to Holy Prophet (PBUH) was:
“Read: In the name of Allah Who created. He created man from a clot of blood. Read: And thy Lord is the Most Bounteous. He Who taught by the pen. He taught man that which he knew not.”
It is important for a Muslim to acquire knowledge because he cannot lead a successful life without showing proficiency in different branches of knowledge. In Holy Quran Allah says:
“Among His devotes, those truly fear Allah who have knowledge.”
Knowledge is a means to greatness and exaltation. Those who have knowledge are closer to Allah. A learned man and an ignorant man are not equal in the eyes of Allah. The Holy Quran says:
“Can those who know and those who do not know be equal?” In this regard to the people who are enlightened with faith the Holy Quran says:
“Allah will exalt those who believe among you and those who have the knowledge, to high ranks.
Islam asks the believers to set off seeking knowledge and acquire it from all sources.
Q.2) What is the importance of acquiring knowledge in the light of the sayings of the Holy Prophet(SAW).
Answer:
IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE LIGHT OF THE HOLY PROPHET (PBUH):
There is a say of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) that seeking knowledge is the duty of every Muslim (male and female). Without knowledge, you can not translate your idea into action.
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) once said to himself:
“I have been sent as a teacher.”
In order to raise his knowledge, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) used to recite the prayer.
“O, my Lord! Add to my knowledge.”
Before the advent of Islam, there were a few people who could read and write. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) advised the Muslims to get themselves educated and increase their knowledge. In the battle of Badr, the Muslims caught some non-believers as the prisoners of the war. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) made it a condition that a prisoner must teach ten children of Muslims to read and write in order to get freedom. He also said:
“Knowledge and wisdom is the lost wealth of a believer. He must try to acquire it whenever he finds it because he deserves it most.”
Islam emphasizes disseminating knowledge to others. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) said:
“If you listen to even a single verse recited by me, convey it to others.”
On the occasion of his last pilgrimage, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) said:
“One who is present, he should convey my teachings to the person who is not here.”
There is no restriction of the age of acquiring knowledge. He said:
“Acquire knowledge from cradle to grave.”
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) also said:
“A believer never loses his desire for acquiring more knowledge till he reaches Paradise.”
Once the Holy Prophet (PBUH) entered a mosque. In the mosque, there were two groups. One group included men who were repeatedly invoking Allah’s name. The other group included men who had taste for learning and acquiring more knowledge. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) praised the two groups and then participated in the gathering the members of which were showing interest in learning and acquiring knowledge. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) commented that the second group showing love for learning and knowledge was better than the first one. Once the Holy Prophet (PBUH) said: “Whenever you have a chance to pass through paradise gardens, you should take full advantage of them. ” The companions of Holy Prophet (PBUH) asked, “What are the paradise gardens?” “These are the gatherings of learning,” said the Holy Prophet (PBUH).
Q.3) Describe the importance and excellence of knowledge in the light of Quran and Hadith.
Answer:
The importance and excellence of knowledge are evident from traditions:
1. Seek knowledge; seeking knowledge is a virtue.
2. The desire for knowledge is devotion to Allah.
3. To be busy in seeking knowledge is to glorify Allah, and to discuss the matters of learning is to make a struggle in His way.
4. To impart knowledge to others is to make sacrifices in the way of God.
5. Knowledge is a companion in loneliness, a guide in poverty and prosperity, a sympathizing friend and the best companion at all times.
Chapter 4 (Zakat (Obligation, Importance and Distribution)
Q.1) What is Zakaat? Who are under obligation to pay Zakaat?
Answer:
ZAKAT:
Zakat means making something pure by removing harmful substances. It also means to get nourished or grow. In religion, it means to purify the wealth by giving away its certain percentage as charity to the poor. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) described Zakat as wealth taken from the rich and given to the poor. Zakat is also called poor rate or poor tax. Technically it is an annual tax imposed on the rich people and is paid to the poor. It is accumulated as a surplus at the expiry of a full year.
OBLIGATION:
Zakat is a compulsory religious tax imposed on any person who is sane, free, adult and a Muslim provided that his property or income is to the extent of Nisab. Nisab is someone’s minimum fixed property or income on which Zakat is due and which has been in his profession for a period of one complete year. Zakat is payable not only on cash but also on jewellery, gold, silver, animals, agricultural land, crops and all kinds of commercial goods. The Nisab or fixed amount of property upon which Zakat is due varies according to the kind of property in possession.
Q.2) Write a brief note on the importance of Zakaat.
Answer:
IMPORTANCE OF ZAKAT:
Zakat occurs thirty-two times in Holy Quran. With the exception of a few verses, it has been mentioned with Salaat. Zakat is obbe of four practical articles of Islam. The other three articles of Islam are prayers, fasting and Hajj. These three articles benefit no one but the person who performs them, but Zakat which is also an act of worship benefits mankind. It brings prosperity to the giver in this world, and he will also get a good reward in the Hereafter. No to Zakat is a great sin.
The importance of Zakat is evident from an event. Once some persons came to the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and made a request to tell them about the teachings of Islam. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) mentioned the two commands of Allah- prayers and Zakat. Thus he made it clear that after prayers, the most important act of worship is to pay Zakat.
After the Holy Prophet (PBUH) passed away, some people refused to pay Zakat. Thereupon Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (RA) declared Jihad against them. The Holy Quran has warned in harsh words, the persons who do not pay Zakat. Allah says:
“O you who believe! Indeed there are many among the rabbits (Jewish) and priests who devour the wealth of mankind in falsehood and dissuade them from the way of Allah. And there are those who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah. Announce unto them a very painful punishment. On the Day of Judgement this gold and silver will be heated in the fire of hell, and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks and their backs and it will be said unto them.”
This is the treasure that you hoarded for yourselves. Now taste of what you hoarded for yourselves.
Zakat provides man with the best opportunity to work for the welfare of people. Zakat supports the poor and deprived persons of society. It is helpful to replace the feelings of hatred and vengeance with the sentiments of sympathy, reverence and mutual love.
Zakat purifies the heart from the love for wealth and fills it with the desire to fulfil the wish of God. The Zakaat prayer begins to love the poor. The payment of Zakat causes wealth to come into circulation. Thus the financial condition of the members of society gets improved.
Q.3) State the heads of expenditure for the distribution of Zakaat in the light of the teachings of the Holy Quran.
Answer:
DISTRIBUTION OF ZAKAAT:
The Holy Quran has laid down the following heads of expenditure for the distribution of Zakaat. The Holy Quran says:
” The alms are only for the poor and the needy, and those who collect them, and those whose hearts are to be reconciled and to free the captives and the debtors and for the cause of Allah, and for the wayfarers: a duty imposed by Allah. Allah is Knower, Wise.”
In the quoted verse of the Holy Quran there are the following eight heads of the expenditure for Zakaat:
1. The poor
2. The needy
3. Collectors of Zakaat (the employees of Zakaat Department)
4. Those whose hearts are to be reconciled who have recently accepted Islam.
5. Captives
6. Debtors
7. for the cause of Allah
8. The travelers
For giving away Zakaat , the close relations should be given preference over those who are not blood relations. Some people despite being poor, do not apt to begging. They have a keen sense of honour and self-respect. Such people should be traced and given away Zakaat and other amounts of charity.
Q.4) What warning has given to the people who do not pay Zakaat?
Answer:
WARNING OF ALLAH:
The Holy Quran has warned in harsh words, the persons who do not pay Zakaat. Allah says:
“O you who believe! Indeed there are many among the rabbits (Jewish) and priests who devour the wealth of mankind in falsehood, and dissuade them from the way of Allah. And there are those who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah.
Announce unto them a very painful punishment. On the Day of Judgement this gold and silver will be heated in the fire of hell, and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks and their backs and it will be said unto them.”
This is the treasure which you hoarded for yourselves. Now taste of what you hoarded for yourselves.
Chapter 5 (Bodily purification) islamiat notes for class 10 sindh board pdf
Q.1) What is purification? Write a brief note on purification in the light of Quran and Hadith.
Answer:
PURIFICATION:
Purification means the act of making something pure by removing dirt or harmful substances.
PURIFICATION IN THE LIGHT OF QURAN AND HADITH:
Islam being a complete code of life, guides us in all the aspects of life. The basic sources of Islamic guidance are the Holy Quran and the traditions of Holy Prophet (PBUH). There is a Quranic verses in which the Holy Prophet (PBUH) is required to keep himself and his dress clean and tidy.
“And keep thy garments free from stain. And remove all pollution.”
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) said:
“Purification is the part of the faith.”
Q.2) Write down the obligatory steps in the performance of Wazu.
Answer:
PARTIAL ABLUTION:
Wuzu (partial ablution means the washing of certain parts of the body before saying prayers. Wuzu is obligatory before offering prayers provided that the body and dress are clean.
STEPS IN PERFORMANCE OF WUZU:
There are four obligations regarding Wuzu:
1. To wash the face from the top of the forehead to the chin and from one ear to
the other.
2. To wash the hands and arms up to elbows.
3. To rub with the wet hand a fourth part of the head.
4. To wash the feet to the ankles.
Q.3) How is the Wazu under Sunnah regulations (Mansun Wazu) is performed?
Answer:
STEPS IN PERFORMANCE OF MASNUN WUZU:
The performance of wuzu according to the Sunnah regulations Masnun wuzu involves the following steps:
- 1. To wash hands up to the wrists three times. The space between the fingers of the one hand must be rubbed with the fingers of the other.
- 2. To take water into the mouth with the right hand and rinse the mouth three times.
- 3. To take water into the nostrils with the right hand, sniff it up and blow it out compressing the nostrils with the thumb and forefinger of the left hand three times.
- 4. To wash the face from the forehead to the chin and from one ear to the other by throwing water with both hands three times.
- 5. To wash right hand and arm up to the elbow causing the water to run along the arm from the palm of the hand to the elbow, and then to wash the left hand and arm in the same manner.
- 6. To rub the whole head by drawing the wet hands over the upper part of the head once.
- 7. To comb the beard with wet fingers of the right hand holding the hand with the palm of the left hand and passing the fingers through the beard from throat upward.
- 8. To put the wet tips of the forefingers into the ears and twist around, passing the thumbs at the same time round the backs of the ears from the bottom upward.
- 9. To wipe the neck with the back of the wet fingers of both hands making the ends of the fingers meet behind the neck and drawing them forward.
- 10. To wash the right foot and then the left foot as high as the ankles and to pass the fingers of the left hand between the toes.
Q.4) What are the benefits of purification?
BENEFITS OF PURIFICATION:
- 1. By performing complete ablution (Ghusl) one gets mental satisfaction.
- 2. It gives bodily refreshment.
- 3. It removes all the impurities of the body.
- 4. It protects person from many diseases.
- 5. Besides outward cleanliness, the performance of Wuzu and Ghusl also causes spiritual purification. The purification of mind and body makes
- 6. One feels pleasure and satisfaction in performance of worship as well as
- wordly activities.
- 7. It increase the capacity of the work.
Q.5) Quote a Quranic verse and a saying of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) about purification.
Answer:
Quric verse in which the Holy Prophet (PBUH) is required to keep himself clean:
” And keep thy garments free from stain. And remove all the pollution.”
The Holy Prophet said:
“Purification is the part of the faith.”
In Quran, it was revealed:
“Allah only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you, O People of the House! And to purify you a (thorough) purifying.”
Chapter 6 (Forbearance and gratitude)
Q.1) Why does Islam teach the believers to keep patience in adverse circumstances?
What is its importance according to the Quran and Sunnah?
Gratitude means the feeling that you want to thank and praise someone because of the favour and kindness he has done to you. A grateful person expresses his feeling of gratefulness in acknowledgement of the favours he has received from someone. It is Allah Who most of all deserves acknowledgement and thankfulness for the countless favours and unlimited kindness that He showers on mankind.
IMPORTANCE:
The Holy Quran has greatly emphasized the importance of gratitude. The people who feel gratitude for the favour of Allah are blessed with prosperity. The Holy Quran says:
” If you give thanks, I will give you more.”
Prophet Sulaiman said, as stated in the Quran:
“This is by the Grace of my Lord to test me whether I am grateful or ungrateful! And whoever is grateful, truly, his gratitude is for (the good of) his own self, and whoever is ungrateful, (he is ungrateful only for the loss of his own self). Certainly! My Lord is Rich (Free of all wants), Bountiful”
Allah says:
“And (remember) when your Lord proclaimed: ‘If you give thanks (by accepting Faith and worshipping none but Allah), I will give you more (of My Blessings); but if you are thankless, verily, My punishment is indeed severe”
Therefore, make thanking Allah part of morning and evening remembrances (adhkars) to get more of Allah’s blessings in our lives.
The Prophet (PBUH) said,
“Whoever is not grateful to the people, he is not grateful to Allah.”
The Prophet (PBUH) said,
“A grateful eater will have a reward like that of a patient fasting person.”
Islamiat-UnitC-Chapter 7 (The importance of family life)
What is family life?
Family life means a group of people who are related to each other, especially parents and their children. A person lives his life with his family. The members of a family are attached to each other due to different relationships.
What is the importance of family life?
The human civilization also started with the family system which is essential for its very survival. Thus in a way the family is an essential part of society. Society has also its influence on families. If a society is moving on the path of prosperity and Islamic ways of life, the families will also proper and lead a virtuous life. Islam has greatly emphasized the importance of a strong family system in human society. According to Islam ‘Zaujain’ (husband and wife) are the two important pillars of a family.
Q.3) What are the rights and duties of Zaujain (husband and wife)?
Answer:
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF ZAUJAIN:
Islam has given equal rights to the husband and the wife. The Holy Quran says:
“And the women have rights similar to those of men over them in kindness.”
Of Zaujain, the rights of one partner are the duties of other partner, and the duties of one partner are the rights of other partner.
RIGHTS OF WIFE / DUTIES OF HUSBAND:
According to the Islamic teachings it is the duty of the husband to provide food and shelter to the family. He should make arrangements for housing, clothing and feeding his wife and children. He should bear expenses of the necessities of life according to his economic status. He should allow her wife to keep the amount, given to her as Mehr, in her possession or invest it in some business. He should treat his wife kindly. He should fear God and do justice and favour to his wife. He should also acknowledge her right to inheritance according to the Islamic Shariah and should not do injustice to her.
RIGHTS OF HUSBAND /DUTIES OF WIFE:
It is the foremost duty of a wife to love her husband and give him comfort. In the Holy Quran Allah says:
“So good women are the obedient, guarding in secret.”
A wife should also be faithful to her husband. It is her duty to guard all the things entrusted to her by her husband. She should not disclose his secrets and should not leak out the household affairs. She should also guard her husband’s honour and nobility.
The life of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) is the lighthouse which guides us to right path. He says:
“Amongst you the best one is he who is the best for his family” and amongst you i am best for my family.”
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) also said: “The best among the wife is the one who is obedient and a source of delight for her husband when he is present and guardian of his wealth and of her own self when he is absent.”
Q.4) What are the rights and duties of children?
Answer:
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF CHILDREN AND PARENTS:
The rights of children are the duties of the parents and rights of parents are the duties of children.
RIGHTS OF CHILDREN/ DUTIES OF PARENTS:
Islam enjoins on the parents to fulfill the rights of their children. In the Holy Quran Allah Almighty says:
“O believers! Save yourselves and your families from the fire (of hell).”
It is the duty of the parents to make arrangements for upbringing, educating and training their children in the best possible manner. They should also make arrangements for their marriage. They should maintain equity and justice among their children. Even after the death of their parents, the righteous offspring cause addition to their virtues.
The Holy Prophet (PBUH) said, “One who is not affectionate to Allah’s creatures and to his own children, Allah will not be affectionate to him.”
RIGHTS OF PARENTS/ DUTIES OF CHILDREN:
It is the duty of children to obey every order of their parents except that which requires them to show disobedience to God. Children should treat their parents kindly and respectfully and should give importance to their opinion. Especially when parents attain old age, the children should respect their feelings and treat them with love and kindness. They should find time every day to attend to their old parents. When the parents pass away the children should pray for their salvation.
The Holy Quran says:
“We have enjoined on man kindness to the parents.”
“Show kindness to parents. If one of them or both of them attain old age in your life, say not a word of contempt to them, nor repel them, and speak to them a gracious word. And lower to them the wings of submission out of kindness and say My Lord! Have mercy on them as they brought me up when I was a little child.”
The status of the mother is higher than the father because she undergoes more suffering for the sake of her children. The Holy Quran says:
“His mother bears him in weakness upon weakness and his weaning is in two years.”
There is a saying of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), “Heaven is beneath the feet of the mother.”
Islamiat-UnitC-Chapter 8 (Hijrat and Jihad)
What is Hijrat? Write a brief note
Hijrat means the act of migrating from one place to another especially in order to live or find work. In Islamic terminology, Hijrat means the migration of the Muslims from one place to another for religious causes. If in a certain country the Muslims are Subjugated and oppressed, they are subjected to torture for adopting the Islamic way of life, they must leave that place and migrate to somewhere else. However, if they are unable to migrate due to lack of resources or they are too helpless to migrate, then it is likely that Allah will forgive them.
Allah commands in Surah Nisa:
“When angels take the souls of those who die in sin against themselves, the angels will ask: In what plight were you? They will reply: We were weak and oppressed on the earth. The angels will say: Was not the earth of God spacious enough for you to migrate therein? Such men will find their abode in hell, an evil refuge. Except for those men, women and children who are really weak and appressed or who have no means in their power nor do they have any guide to direct their way.
For such people, it is likely that Allah will forgive them. And Allah is Merciful and Forgiving. And who migrates in the cause of Allah, will find in the earth many a refuge and abundance in the earth. And one who forsakes his home for Allah and His Messenger, and death overtakes him, his reward is incumbent due on Allah. And Allah is ever Forgiving, Most Merciful.”
The above verses of the Holy Quran make it clear that Hijrat benefits a Muslim in this world and in the Hereafter.
What is Jihad?
Jihad is an Arabic word derived from ‘Juhd’ or ‘Jahd’ means endeavour, effort or struggle. In Islamic terminology, it means to exercise all types of physical and mental energy in the way of God. Jihad requires the believers to sacrifice wealth, families, blood relations and even their own lives for the supremacy and spread of the true religion.
Those who take part in Jihad do their best to make the designs of the enemies ineffective and check their attacks. The believers do not withhold from fighting if it becomes inevitable to save the religion. That is why Jihad has been declared great worship in Islamic teachings.
The sense of Jihad is very clear. According to some theologians, the best kind of Jihad is Jihad bin-nafs. According to some theologians, such a type of Jihad is Jihad-e-Akbar! It means that one should be willing and prepared to bear all the physical tortures in the services of the religion of Allah. The Holy Quran and some traditions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) give importance to this kind of Jihad. The Holy Quran says:
“And those who strive for us, We will surely guide them to Our paths, and verily Allah is with the good.”
What are the types of Jihad mentioned in the Holy Quran? Explain each type in detail.
According to the Holy Quran, there are two types of Jihad.
1. Jihad bin-Nafs
2. Jihad bil-Mal
1. JIHAD BIN-NAFS:
Jihad bin-Nafs is the Jihad by the person which means that a Muslim should be willing and prepared to bear all kinds of physical troubles in the services of the religion of Almighty Allah. One must be prepared to undergo hardship or to be sentenced to death. He must not fear arrows, spears, swords, guns or cannons. He must be prepared to receive injuries and cuts which may take even his life. When we use the word Jihad it usually means Jihad bin-Nafs. In the Holy Quran, the word ‘Qital’ is used for this type of Jihad.
Allah commands the Muslims to make preparations for Jihad and forbids Muslims to use the word ‘dead’ for the martyrs. The Holy Quran says that the martyrs receive sustenance from their Lord and they hold festivities. Allah has promised a great reward to them.
2. JIHAD BIL-MAL:
Jihad bil-Mal or Jihad by wealth means that one has to spend one’s wealth or property for the preaching of religion and for the success of Truth. Almighty Allah gives man wealth and property so that he may spend it in the way of Allah. The Holy Quran says:
“Those who believe and migrated and did Jihad in the way of Allah, by wealth and by person, they are exalted to high rank by Allah.”
On the other hand, those who hoard up wealth and do not spend it in the way of Allah, have been warned of severe punishment. The Holy Quran says:
“Those who hoard up gold and silver and do not spend it in the way of Allah, Allah will give them the ‘good news’ of Painful punishment.”
There are two major hindrances in the way of success and progress. The first is the love for one’s self and the other is the love for wealth. The nation which
