English Class 9 Notes Chapter 11 comprehension, short question, grammar, Vocabulary and writing skills for kpk board. grade 9 English notes for khyber Pakhtunkhwa textbook board Peshawar class 9 English notes.
English Class 9 Notes Chapter 11
Comprehension
Q.1) What is the first aid?
Answer:
First aid is the immediate help that is given to the injured or sick until full medical treatment is available or he has been taken to the hospital. It is all about using your common sense in such a way that helps the person in saving his life without doing any harm.
Q.2) Discuss a situation in which you provided first aid to someone.
Answer:
It was evening time when we were playing cricket in our street. One of my teammates fell very badly and got injured while trying to catch the ball hit by the batsman quite high. As soon as he fell to the ground, blood profusely came out from his right arm. All of us panic at that time. I remained calm and quickly ran to my home. I picked up my first aid kit and returned to the place where my teammate was lying and screaming with pain. I took out a clean cloth from the kit and put it over the wound. Then I apply pressure and elevate it so that the blood would stop. Later on, we all helped him in getting up. I called his parents who took him to the nearby clinic for proper medication.
Q.3) What will you do if someone cuts his foot and is bleeding?
Answer:
If someone cuts his foot and is bleeding, the first thing I would do is to make a call on the emergency phone number for help. Then, I put a clean cloth over the wound, apply some pressure and elevate it so to stop the blood for a while.
Q.4) You’re having lunch with a friend and he begins to choke on some food. How can you help?
Answer:
If any of my friends begin to choke on some food, I should do the abdominal thrust. Then I wrap my arms around him and quickly pull in and up with my fist. In this way, the air that is forced up helps in dislodging the object and helps my friend to have smooth breathing again.
Q.5) A passenger travelling on the bus with you is complaining of breathlessness and tight pain in the chest. You suspect a heart attack. What should you do?
Answer:
If I find the passenger is having a heart attack, I would make a call for medical help. Meanwhile, I would try to ease the strain on his heart to make him comfortable. I would help him to be in a half-sitting position, by giving support to his head and shoulders and making his knees bent to give him the best possible comfort at that time.
Vocabulary
A) Look up the meaning of the following words in the dictionary and make sentences to bring out the meaning.
a) difference between ‘look’ and ‘search’
Answer:
look
Meaning: glance, focus, see
Sentence: If you look through this window and you’ll see a beautiful garden.
search
Meaning: hunt, explore
Sentence: She searched for her watch everywhere but couldn’t find it.
b) difference between ‘buy’ and ‘purchase’
Answer:
buy
Meaning: pick up, get
Sentence: He is unable to buy a car this year.
purchase
Meaning: acquire (something) by paying for it
Sentence: The couple wants to purchase a home.
c) difference between ‘hide’ and ‘conceal’
Answer:
hide
Meaning: put or keep out of sight
Sentence: We don’t have to hide anything from her.
conceal
Meaning: not allow to be seen, keep secret
Sentence: Tariq was wearing a mask to conceal his identity.
d) difference between ‘learn’ and ‘educate’
Answer:
learn
Meaning: gain or acquire knowledge
Sentence: He learns everything quite fast.
educate
Meaning: teach, instruct, train
Sentence: There were few colleges to educate women.
e) difference between ‘reward’ and ‘award’
Answer:
reward
Meaning: prize, bonus, benefit
Sentence: You deserve a reward for this.
award
Meaning: give, grant
Sentence: He won the best actor award.
B) Write the contextual meaning (that relates to the text) of the following.
- bleed
- accident
- burn
- attack
- pressure
Answer:
Contextual Meaning:
bleed lose blood from the body as a result of injury or illness
Accident an unfortunate incident that happens unexpectedly and unintentionally, typically resulting in damage or injury
Burn an injury caused by exposure to heat or flame
Attack rush, thrust
Pressure force
Writing
A) Write an essay about 100-150 words on “Natural Disaster.”
Essay:
Natural Disaster
Life is very unpredictable. People rarely know what comes in their way today or years later. Due to technology, people are now somehow able to predict some of the natural occurrences with accuracy and precision. Natural disaster means any catastrophic event that is caused by nature or the natural processes of the earth.
There are various forms of natural disasters, some of the most common ones are floods, droughts, earthquakes, tsunami, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, hurricanes, landslide, avalanche and forest fires. Natural disasters are primarily responsible for taking a great number of human lives and for casting a huge economic loss to the affected areas.
Apart from this, one can find deadly effects of any natural disaster like falling buildings or trees, freezing to death, being washed away, or heat stroke etc. The more severe the natural disaster is; the more time is needed in the rehabilitation of the affected population and the rebuilding process of the devastated homes and buildings.
All over the world, many organizations are working to aid the affected population and help them to recover and rebuild themselves in less time. With every passing year, we are becoming more prone to face some natural disasters. Advanced technology has given an upper hand to mankind towards natural disasters but still, there are times when we humans are unable to save ourselves from sudden, unpredictable natural disasters.
B) In your opinion how should schools be equipped to face floods, earthquakes, and fire (natural and man-made)?
Answer:
We all know that it is not always possible for humans to predict any of the natural disasters with accuracy and precision just before time. Although the whole phenomena of natural and man-made disasters are unavoidable and unpredictable, what we can do is to prepare ourselves for any such incident in advance through adopting various tactics and methodologies.
It must be done at all levels but keeping in view the schools and students safety various effective measures must be taken to save the lives of the little young fellows. For natural disasters such as floods, and earthquake school buildings should be earthquake resistant. Furniture at the schools must be secure, and tall shelving, audio-visual equipment, and heavy computer cabinets should be secured to the wall.
The school authorities must try to avoid placing heavy objects on shelves or other surfaces where they might fall during severe shaking. Sometimes, it is not safe for students and staff to leave the building so the school must have a plan to shelter in place for two or three days, including plenty of emergency food, water, and first aid kits.
Students must be familiarized with safety procedures, like taking cover under their desks until the quake subsides. Earthquake drills must be carried out as this ensures an immediate and proper response. Students must know well about evacuation plans i.e. how to go out of the building within minutes and reach a safe meeting place. Almost the same precautionary measures must be carried out in case of an immediate flood. Students must be well prepared to cater to any such circumstances with efficiency and promptness.
In case of fire, inside or outside the building, smart planning and preparation for various types of fire threats can help schools prevent fires. The proper evacuation plan should be understood by everyone involved. Adequate safety recommendations must be followed which includes having a proper number of sprinklers, fire alarm pulls, smoke detectors and fire extinguishers in the building. Laminated blueprints must be displayed in prominent places that can help firefighters navigate the school in an emergency.
If a fire spreads abruptly then definitely it creates chaos, that leads to separation of students. Make sure everyone knows where to meet outside, such as a particular parking lot. Proper fire drills must be carried out to make sure all students understand what they must do and why. Go further by practising “stop, drop and roll.” In the nutshell, students safety is not only the responsibility of the schools but children must be educated well about any natural or man-made disasters at home by the parents to help them understand the situation and how to respond to it in a much efficient manner.